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1.
Clinics ; 76: e2457, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153938

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Comprehensive care for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLH) includes the promotion of healthier habits, including physical activity (PA). This study aimed to describe a multicomponent pragmatic trial protocol to assess the effect of PA in preventing body changes and metabolic disturbances, improving the quality of life of PLH starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) and present cohort characteristics. METHODS: PLH undergoing ART for ≤4 months were recruited for a randomized trial. The intervention comprised three cardiorespiratory and/or strength training sessions per week at the clinic or in public spaces for 6 months under on-site or remote supervision, and educational sessions. Participants' PA levels, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometric measures, strength, flexibility, quality of life, and laboratory monitoring (blood glucose and lipids, CD4 counts) at baseline and post-intervention will be compared. The pragmatic design aims to enable the assessment of intervention effectiveness in real-life conditions. RESULTS: At baseline, our cohort of 38 recently diagnosed patients (mean time since HIV diagnosis and duration of ART were 3 and 2.58 months, respectively) were predominantly male, young, with high schooling and good immune status (median CD4 count=498 cells/mm3). Twenty-two (57.9%) patients reported a PA below the World Health Organization recommendations. We found baseline normal anthropometric measures and metabolic parameters: below-average trunk flexion and elbow extension strength, poor handgrip strength and flexibility, and high quality of life scores in all except the physical domain. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding how effective PA is in preventing body changes and metabolic disturbances, and in improving the quality of PLH starting ART may help establish guidelines to better incorporate PA in HIV care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Quality of Life , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Exercise , Hand Strength , CD4 Lymphocyte Count
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 23(6): 441-450, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089314

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased AIDS incidence and mortality, rendering comorbidities, such as hepatitis B more relevant for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Since antiretroviral drugs may also inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, analyzing the impact of ART on management of hepatitis B in this population is important. Objective: To assess HBV viremia among HIV/HBV coinfected individuals on ART and its associated factors. Method: For this cross-sectional study, HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals, aged over 18 years, who were on ART for over six months and receiving care at an outpatient clinic in São Paulo were recruited. Sociodemographic characteristics, information about viral exposure, clinical and laboratory data, including evaluation of liver fibrosis were obtained. Plasma HBV DNA was measured by polymerase chain reaction. Viral genome sequencing was conducted for genotyping and identification of drug resistance-conferring mutations if viral load exceeded 900 IU/mL. Results: Out of 2,946 patients who attended the clinic in 2015, 83 were eligible and 56 evaluated. Plasma HBV DNA was detected in 16 (28.6%) (95% CI: 18.0-41.3%), all on lamivudine and tenofovir treatment. HBV DNA detection was associated with lower education (p = 0.015), higher international normalized ratios (p = 0.045), history of an AIDS-defining illness [OR: 3.43 (95% CI: 1.10-11.50)], and HBeAg detection [OR: 6.60 (95% CI: 1.84-23.6)]. In contrast, a last CD4+ count above 500 cells/mm3 in the year prior to inclusion [OR: 0.18 (95% CI: 0.04-0.71)] and detection of anti-HBe [OR: 0.21 (95% CI: 0.04-0.99)] were negatively associated. Patients with HBV DNA above 900 IU/mL were infected with subgenotypes A1 (n = 3) and D2 (n = 1), and exhibited viral mutations associated with total resistance to lamivudine and partial resistance to entecavir. Conclusions: Despite being on ART, a significant proportion of HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals present HBV viremia. Characterization of factors that are associated with this finding may help professionals provide better management to these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , HIV Infections/virology , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Viral Load/drug effects , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Coinfection/virology , Hepatitis B/virology , Viremia , DNA, Viral/blood , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Educational Status , Hepatitis B/complications
3.
DST j. bras. doenças sex. transm ; 30(1): 30-32, 30-03-2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1122866

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health issue of global concern and frequently lead to important sequelae if not diagnosed and properly treated. Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection is one of the most prevalent STIs worldwide and recently presents increasing incidence and antimicrobial resistance rates. Apart from the neonatal period, NG infection during childhood is considered evidence of sexual violence (SV). However, defining perpetration of violence can be challenging in clinical practice. Objective: To report a case of conjunctivitis due to NG in a prepuberal girl and discuss possible means of infection acquisition and medical forensic implications. Case report: A 7-year-old female Caucasian student from São Paulo was referred to the Rape Care Center (Núcleo de Atendimento a Vítimas de Violência Sexual ­ NAVIS) outpatient clinic to investigate sexual violence in September 2013. At admission, she reported right ocular hyperemia for 10 days with no response to tobramycin eye drops. Personal history: nothing noteworthy. She lived with her mother and grandmother and visited her father every two weeks. Physical and gynecological examinations were normal. Eye examination: Left eye ­ nothing noteworthy. Right eye ­ palpebral edema, conjunctival hyperemia with purulent exudate and upper corneal perforation. Bacterioscopy of conjunctival secretion was positive for Gram-negative diplococci and NG was isolated in culture. The patient was submitted to suturing of right eye perforation and received 1g intravenous ceftriaxone per day for 10 days. During investigation at the NAVIS outpatient clinic, the mother denied any SV episode or school behaviour change. Multidisciplinary psychosocial care was provided to the child and her mother for over 6 months, but SV could not be characterized. STIs investigation for HIV, hepatitis B and C infections and syphilis resulted negative. Based on the literature, a hypothesis of accidental intra-familial non-sexual transmission of NG was then considered. Endocervical, vaginal and urethral secretions were collected from the mother and yielded isolation of endocervical beta-lactamase producing NG. Hygiene measures and contact isolation were recommended and the mother underwent treatment with ceftriaxone single dose 1G. During follow-up the child developed corneal opacity in her right eye. Conclusion: In prepuberal children presenting with unusual but compatible clinical manifestations, STIs should always be considered and investigated to enable prompt treatment and avoid sequelae. If gonococcal infection is diagnosed, the possibility of sexual violence should be thoroughly investigated, preferably in a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to rule out non-sexual contamination and avoid emotional damage to the child and family. Clearly defining SV and proposing proper interventions in these circumstances is, however, challenging for healthcare providers.


As infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs) são um problema de saúde pública global e com frequência deixam sequelas se não diagnosticadas e tratadas adequadamente. A infecção por Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) é uma das ISTs mais prevalentes em todo o mundo e, recentemente, tem apresentado crescentes taxas de incidência, além de resistência a antimicrobianos. Após o período neonatal, a infecção por NG na infância pode ser uma evidência de violência sexual (VS), no entanto a comprovação da violência é um desafio na prática clínica. Objetivo: Apresentar um caso de conjuntivite por NG em uma menina pré-púbere e discutir as possíveis vias de contaminação e implicações médicas forenses. Relato de caso: Trata-se de uma criança caucasiana de 7 anos de idade do sexo feminino, estudante, procedente de São Paulo, que, após uma internação, foi encaminhada ao Núcleo de Atendimento a Vítimas de Violência Sexual (NAVIS) para investigação de violência sexual, em setembro de 2013. Na admissão intra-hospitalar, houve relato de hiperemia ocular direita, iniciada havia 10 dias, sem resposta ao tratamento com colírio de tobramicina. Antecedentes pessoais: nada digno de nota. Ela morava com a mãe e a avó e visitava o pai a cada duas semanas. Os exames físico e ginecológico foram normais. Exame oftalmológico: olho esquerdo ­ nada digno de nota. Olho direito ­ edema palpebral, hiperemia conjuntival com exsudato purulento e perfuração da córnea superior. A bacterioscopia de secreção conjuntival foi positiva para diplococos gram-negativos e a NG foi isolada em cultura. A paciente foi submetida a sutura cirúrgica de perfuração do olho direito e, enquanto internada, recebeu 1 g de ceftriaxona endovenoso por dia, por um período de 10 dias. Durante a investigação no ambulatório de NAVIS, a mãe negou qualquer episódio de VS ou mudança de comportamento escolar. Foi oferecida assistência psicológica e social à criança e à mãe por mais de seis meses, mas a VS não pôde ser caracterizada. A investigação de IST para o HIV, infecções por hepatite B e C e sífilis resultou negativa. Com base na literatura, a hipótese de transmissão não sexual acidental de NG intrafamiliar foi então considerada. As secreções genitais da mãe (endocervical, vaginal e uretral) foram coletadas e o isolamento endocervical da NG produtora por betalactamase foi positivo. Medidas de higiene e isolamento de contato foram recomendados, além ser prescrito o tratamento com ceftriaxona em dose única de 1 g para a mãe. Durante o acompanhamento, a criança desenvolveu opacidade corneana em seu olho direito. Conclusão: Em crianças pré-púberes que apresentam manifestações clínicas incomuns, as ISTs devem sempre ser consideradas e investigadas para permitir o tratamento imediato e assim evitar sequelas. Se uma infecção gonocócica for diagnosticada, a possibilidade de (VS) deve ser minuciosamente investigada, de preferência com uma abordagem multidisciplinar abrangente para descartar a contaminação não sexual e evitar danos emocionais à criança e à sua família. Definir com precisão se houve VS e propor intervenções adequadas nessas circunstâncias mostra-se um desafio para os profissionais de saúde.


Subject(s)
Humans , Rape , Sex Offenses , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Gonorrhea , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Neisseria
4.
Estud. av ; 30(86): 29-49, 2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-786499

ABSTRACT

A urbanização é um processo irreversível em escala mundial e estima-se que o número de pessoas que vivem em cidades deverá atingir 67% da população do planeta até 2050. Os países de baixa ou média renda, por sua vez, possuem 30% a 40% da população urbana vivendo atualmente em favelas, em situação de risco para diversos agravos de saúde. No Brasil, embora 84,3% da população residissem em áreas urbanas já em 2010, não se verificam no momento ações consistentes voltadas ao enfrentamento das questões de saúde urbana. Neste artigo discute-se a situação epidemiológica de agravos infecciosos de interesse para a saúde pública (dengue, infecção por HIV/aids, leptospirose, hanseníase e tuberculose) a partir do ano 2000 nas 17 metrópoles do país, de modo a esclarecer o papel atual das doenças infecciosas no contexto da saúde urbana brasileira...


Urbanization is an irreversible global process and the number of people living in cities is estimated to reach 67% of the world population by 2050. In low- and middle-income countries, 30% to 40% of the population currently lives in slum areas, under risk of several diseases. Even though 84.3% of the Brazilian population already lived in urban areas in 2010, no consistent initiatives have been implemented to address urban health issues. We discuss here the epidemiological features of communicable diseases that are relevant to public health (dengue, HIV/aids, leptospirosis, leprosy and tuberculosis) in Brazil’s 17 metropolitan areas since 2000 to help clarify the current role of infections in the context of Brazilian urban health...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Communicable Diseases , National Health Strategies , Health Services Accessibility , Public Policy , Urban Health , Urban Population , Health Status Indicators , Poverty Areas , Risk , Social Conditions , Unified Health System
5.
Rev. saúde pública ; 49: 1-8, 27/02/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742283

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of HIV-infected individuals upon admission to a reference health care center. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1999 and 2010 on 527 individuals with confirmed serological diagnosis of HIV infection who were enrolled in an outpatient health care service in Santarém, PA, Northern Brazil. Data were collected from medical records and included the reason for HIV testing, clinical status, and count of peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes upon enrollment. The data were divided into three groups, according to the patient’s year of admission – P1 (1999-2002), P2 (2003-2006), and P3 (2007-2010) – for comparative analysis of the variables of interest. RESULTS In the study group, 62.0% of the patients were assigned to the P3 group. The reason for undergoing HIV testing differed between genders. In the male population, most tests were conducted because of the presence of symptoms suggesting infection. Among women, tests were the result of knowledge of the partner’s seropositive status in groups P1 and P2. Higher proportion of women undergoing testing because of symptoms of HIV/AIDS infection abolished the difference between genders in the most recent period. A higher percentage of patients enrolling at a more advanced stage of the disease was observed in P3. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increased awareness of the number of HIV/AIDS cases, these patients have identified their serological status late and were admitted to health care units with active disease. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Pará presents specificities in its progression that indicate the complex characteristics of the epidemic in the Northern region of Brazil and across the country. .


OBJETIVO Analisar as características clínicas e laboratoriais de indivíduos infectados pelo HIV na admissão em serviço de referência em saúde. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal realizado entre 1999 e 2010, com 527 indivíduos com diagnóstico sorológico confirmado de infecção pelo HIV, matriculados em serviço de saúde ambulatorial, em Santarém, PA, Brasil. Foram coletadas informações de prontuários referentes à população estudada sobre o motivo de realização da testagem anti-HIV, estadio clínico e número de linfócitos T CD4+ periféricos, no ato da matrícula. Os dados foram distribuídos em três grupos, segundo ano de admissão do paciente: 1999 a 2002 (P1), 2003 a 2006 (P2) e 2007 a 2010 (P3), para a análise comparativa das variáveis de interesse. RESULTADOS Do total estudado, 62,0% dos pacientes foram admitidos no grupo P3. O motivo de realização da testagem anti-HIV diferiu entre os sexos. Houve preponderância da realização do teste por presença de sintomas sugestivos da infecção na população masculina e pelo conhecimento da soropositividade do parceiro entre as mulheres nos grupos P1 e P2. A maior proporção de mulheres testadas por apresentarem sintomas de infecção pelo HIV/aids fez desaparecer essa diferença entre os gêneros no período mais recente. Observou-se maior participação de matriculados em fase mais avançada da doença no grupo P3. CONCLUSÕES Apesar do maior reconhecimento de casos de HIV/aids, os pacientes seguem descobrindo seu status sorológico tardiamente e apresentando-se à admissão no serviço de saúde com doença em atividade. A epidemia de HIV/aids no Pará apresenta especificidades em evolução que compõem o complexo mosaico da epidemia na região Norte e no Brasil. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Behavior , Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data , Peer Group , Risk-Taking , Accident Prevention/methods , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control , Risk Assessment , Social Behavior , United States/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology
6.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 17(1): 41-47, Jan.-Feb. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-665773

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the virologic and immunological response of darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy in highly antiretroviral-experienced HIV-infected patients in Brazil. METHODS: Prospective cohort study carried out in a tertiary center in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three-class antiretroviral-experienced patients with confirmed virologic failure began darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy (nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors ± raltegravir ± enfuvirtide ± maraviroc) after performing a genotypic resistance assay. Clinical evaluation and laboratory tests were collected at baseline and at weeks 12, 24, and 48. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify predictors of virologic response at 48 weeks. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients were included. The median of darunavir resistant mutation was 1 (range 0-6). The median genotypic sensitivity score in the optimized background therapy was 2 (interquartile range 1-2). At week 48, 83% (95% CI: 75-90%) had an HIV RNA level <50 copies/mL and the median CD4 cell count was 301 (interquartile range 224-445) cells/mm³. Baseline HIV RNA >100 000 copies/mL was inversely associated with virologic success at week 48 (HR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.85, p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Darunavir/ritonavir plus optimized background therapy was a highly effective salvage regimen under clinical routine conditions in a referral center in Brazil, which is similar to the reported in high-income countries.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , HIV-1 , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Mutation/genetics , Ritonavir/therapeutic use , Sulfonamides/therapeutic use , HIV-1 , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination/methods , Genotype , HIV Infections/virology , Prospective Studies , Time Factors , Viral Load
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(4): 363-368, July-Aug. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-527173

ABSTRACT

Twenty-four hepatitis C virus patients coinfected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 were compared with six coinfected with HTLV-2 and 55 with HCV alone, regarding clinical, epidemiological, laboratory and histopathological data. Fischer's discriminant analysis was applied to define functions capable of differentiating between the study groups (HCV, HCV/HTLV-1 and HCV/HTLV-2). The discriminant accuracy was evaluated by cross-validation. Alcohol consumption, use of intravenous drugs or inhaled cocaine and sexual partnership with intravenous drug users were more frequent in the HCV/HTLV-2 group, whereas patients in the HCV group more often reported abdominal pain or a sexual partner with hepatitis. Coinfected patients presented higher platelet counts, but aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were higher among HCV-infected subjects. No significant difference between the groups was seen regarding liver histopathological findings. Through discriminant analysis, classification functions were defined, including sex, age group, intravenous drug use and sexual partner with hepatitis. Cross-validation revealed high discriminant accuracy for the HCV group.


Compararam-se 24 pacientes coinfectados pelos vírus da hepatite C/vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas do tipo 1 com 6 coinfectados por VHC/HTLV-2 e 55 infectados pelo VHC, no tocante a dados clínico-epidemiológicos, laboratoriais e histopatológicos. A análise discriminante de Fischer foi utilizada para definir funções capazes de diferenciar os grupos de estudo (VHC, VHC/HTLV-1 e VHC/HTLV-2). A acurácia discriminatória foi avaliada pelo por validação cruzada. O uso de álcool, drogas endovenosas, cocaína inalatória e a parceria sexual com UDEV foram mais freqüentes no grupo VHC/HTLV-2, enquanto queixa de dor abdominal e parceiro sexual com hepatite predominaram no grupo VHC. Os coinfectados apresentaram número maior de plaquetas, enquanto as aminotransferases e a gamaglutamiltranspeptidase foram mais altas no grupo VHC. Não houve diferença entre os grupos à análise histopatológica do fígado. Por análise discriminante definiram-se funções classificatórias, incluindo as variáveis sexo, faixa etária, uso de drogas endovenosas e parceiro sexual com hepatite, com acurácia discriminante alta para o grupo VHC.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , HTLV-I Infections/complications , HTLV-II Infections/complications , Hepatitis C/complications , Biopsy , Cross-Sectional Studies , HTLV-I Infections/epidemiology , HTLV-I Infections/pathology , HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology , HTLV-II Infections/pathology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/pathology , Liver/pathology , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Young Adult
8.
Cad. saúde pública ; 23(11): 2653-2662, nov. 2007. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-465144

ABSTRACT

O número de mulheres brasileiras vivendo com HIV aumentou, exigindo dos serviços especializados atenção às demandas femininas. Neste estudo avaliaram-se diferenças de gênero ao acolhimento em serviço de referência no cuidado a pessoas vivendo com HIV em São Paulo, com revisão de 1.072 prontuários de pacientes atendidos entre 1998 e 2002. As mulheres eram mais jovens, mais freqüentemente casadas e heterossexuais e apresentavam menor escolaridade do que os homens à admissão. Enquanto 36 por cento das mulheres realizaram teste anti-HIV por possuírem parceiro soropositivo, 43 por cento dos homens o fizeram por apresentarem sintomas. Ao acolhimento, 55 por cento dos homens e 38 por cento das mulheres tinham AIDS. As mulheres apresentaram contagem de linfócitos CD4+ mais elevada e, mais freqüentemente, carga viral indetectável. Não houve diferença entre os sexos no acesso ao tratamento anti-retroviral após estratificação por estádio clínico. Embora as diferenças sócio-demográficas observadas à admissão apontem para a vulnerabilidade social das mulheres, estas buscaram cuidado especializado em estágios clínicos menos avançados. O conhecimento de características distintivas entre homens e mulheres ao acolhimento pode contribuir para estruturar serviços, aprimorar a assistência e otimizar os benefícios do cuidado.


The number of women living with HIV has increased in Brazil, demanding special attention to women's needs. To evaluate gender differences at an HIV reference center in São Paulo, 1,072 patient medical records from 1998 and 2002 were reviewed. As compared to male counterparts, women tended to be younger and have less schooling, and higher proportions of women were married and heterosexual. Thirty-six percent of women had undergone HIV testing because of an HIV+ partner. In contrast, 43 percent of men had undergone testing because of AIDS symptoms. At admission, 55 percent of men and 38 percent of women had an AIDS diagnosis. Women presented higher CD4+ cell counts and a higher proportion of undetectable HIV viral loads. No difference in access to antiretroviral therapy was seen after stratification for clinical status. Although the observed gender differences in socio-demographic characteristics emphasize women's social vulnerability to HIV, as compared to men, women in this cohort sought specialized care at earlier stages of infection. Knowledge about particular gender characteristics at admission to a reference center may contribute to organizing services delivery, improving care, and maximizing benefits.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Gender Identity , Health Services Accessibility , HIV Infections , Hospitals, University , User Embracement , Brazil , Socioeconomic Factors
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 39(6): 519-522, nov.-dez. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-447280

ABSTRACT

Comorbidities in human immunodeficiency virus infection are of great interest due to their association with unfavorable outcomes and failure of antiretroviral therapy. This study evaluated the prevalence of coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis in an endemic area for hepatitis B in the Western Amazon basin. Serological markers for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis D virus were tested in a consecutive sample of all patients referred for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The variables sex, age, origin and exposure category were obtained from medical records and from the sexually transmitted diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome surveillance database. Among 704 subjects, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B carriage was 6.4 percent and past infection 40.2 percent. The presence of hepatitis B was associated with birth in hyperendemic areas of the Amazon basin, male sex and illegal drug use. The overall prevalence of hepatitis C was 5 percent and was associated with illegal drug use. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C among human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in the Western Amazon basin was lower than seen elsewhere and is probably associated with the local epidemiology of these viruses and the degree of overlap of their shared risk factors. An opportunity presents itself to evaluate the prevention of hepatitis C through harm reduction policies and hepatitis B through vaccination programs among human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients.


Co-morbidades na infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana são de grande interesse devido à associação com desfechos desfavoráveis e falhas na terapia anti-retroviral. Este estudo avalia a prevalência de co-infecção entre o vírus da imunodeficiência humana e hepatites virais, em uma área endêmica de hepatite B, na Amazônia Ocidental. Marcadores sorológicos para o Vírus da hepatite B, Vírus da hepatite C e vírus da hepatite D foram testados em uma amostra de pacientes referenciado para o tratamento em ambulatório para pacientes com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana ou síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida. As variáveis: sexo, idade, origem e categoria de exposição, foram obtidas dos prontuários médicos e do banco de dados da Coordenação Estadual de Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Entre os 704 indivíduos incluídos, a prevalência de portador crônico do vírus da hepatite B foi 6,4 por cento e de infecção passada 40,2 por cento. O vírus da hepatite B esteve associado com o local de nascimento em áreas hiperendêmicas da Amazônia, sexo masculino e uso de drogas ilícitas. A prevalência de hepatite C foi 5 por cento, estando associada com uso de drogas ilícitas. A prevalência dos vírus da hepatite B e C, entre indivíduos vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, na Amazônia ocidental, foi mais baixa que as observadas em estudos com populações de outras regiões. Provavelmente, estes resultados estão associados à epidemiologia local destes vírus, e ao grau de superposição dos fatores de risco associados à infecção na população estudada. O estudo apresenta oportunidade de avaliar a prevenção da hepatite C e B, através de medidas de redução de danos e programa de vacinação em indivíduos vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , HIV Infections/complications , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis D/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis B/diagnosis , Hepatitis C/complications , Hepatitis C/diagnosis , Hepatitis D/complications , Hepatitis D/diagnosis , Prevalence , Seroepidemiologic Studies
10.
An. bras. dermatol ; 71(3): 217-21, maio-jun. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-175851

ABSTRACT

Relato de caso clínico de paciente homossexual, que um mês após o diagnóstico sorológico de infecçäo pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) tipo 1, desenvolveu erupçäo polimórfica com lesöes eritematopapulopustulosas disseminadas, que evoluíram para um quadro ectimatóide. Os exames laboratoriais, bem como o estudo anatomopatológico, sugeriram o diagnóstico de sífilis secundária, confirmado pelo estudo imuno-histoquímico. Os dados encontrados säo comparados com revisäo de literatura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ecthyma/etiology , HIV-1 , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis , Syphilis , Syphilis Serodiagnosis , Forearm/pathology , Back/pathology , Chickenpox/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Ecthyma/pathology , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Microscopy, Electron , Pityriasis/diagnosis , Treponema pallidum
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